作者：籍萬(wàn)杰
1. Their population has now increased to 435,000,and today they make up about 13﹪ of the population. 如今毛利人口已經(jīng)增加到約44萬(wàn)人,約占總?cè)丝诘?3﹪。
1) make up意為"彌補(bǔ);編造;組成;構(gòu)成;占;化妝;安排、拼湊成"等。例如:
The teacher helped him make up the lessons he had missed when he was ill. 老師幫他補(bǔ)上了他生病時(shí)所缺的課。
Our teacher asked us to make up a dialogue in groups. 老師要求我們按小組來(lái)編對(duì)話(huà)。
The whole story is made up. 整個(gè)故事都是編造的。
I object to the way the committee is made up. 我反對(duì)委員會(huì)的組成方式。
She never goes out without making herself up first. 她不化妝是從不外出的。
I can make up a bed for you on the floor. 我能為你鋪個(gè)地鋪。
2) be made up of是make up"組成;構(gòu)成"的被動(dòng)形式。例如:
This medical team is made up of five doctors and ten nurses. 這支醫(yī)療隊(duì)是由五位醫(yī)生和十位護(hù)士組成的。
3) make up for意思是"補(bǔ)償;彌補(bǔ)"。例如:
This beautiful autumn makes up for the wet summer. 今年秋色宜人,彌補(bǔ)了夏季潮濕的缺點(diǎn)。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
The world is ________ seven continents and four oceans.
A. made up of B. made out of C. made from D. made in
答案: A
2. At the time of his death, one person praised him as follows: "Future generations, it may be, will hardly believe that such a person as this walked upon this earth."在他逝世的時(shí)候,有一個(gè)人對(duì)甘地作了如下的贊譽(yù):"后代人也許難以相信,在這個(gè)人世間,曾經(jīng)有這樣一個(gè)人走過(guò)。"
1) as follows 是固定詞組,意思是"如下"。例如:
The results are as follows: Philip Carter 1st, Sam Cohen 2nd, Sandra Postlethwaite 3rd. 結(jié)果如下:菲利普?卡特第一名,薩姆?科恩第二名,桑得拉?波斯?fàn)査柬f特第三名。
2) such后跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),應(yīng)在such后加不定冠詞,不定冠詞不能位于such之前。例如:
It was such a lovely day we decided to go for a picnic. 天氣非常好,我們決定到郊外去野餐。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
It is ________ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
A. so unusual
反意疑問(wèn)句是高考重要考點(diǎn),其構(gòu)成形式是"肯定 + 否定"和"否定 + 肯定",但也有一些特例。本文結(jié)合高考試題,對(duì)反意疑問(wèn)句的易考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納。
1. 陳述句部分的謂語(yǔ)是be, had better或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句仍用這些動(dòng)詞。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
Bill's aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ________?
A. isn't it B. is it C. isn't he D. is he
答案: A
2. 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是have時(shí),若have作"有"解,反意疑問(wèn)部分用have (has) 或do (does)的肯定或否定式; 若have作使役動(dòng)詞,則只能用do (does, did)的適當(dāng)形式進(jìn)行反問(wèn)。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ________she?
A. did B. had C. didn't D. hadn't
答案: C
3. 陳述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定意義的詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式;但陳述部分若使用含有否定意義的前綴或后綴的詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分仍然使用否定形式。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
He seldom has lunch at school, ________?
A. hasn't he B. has he C. doesn't he D. does he
答案: D
4. 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是"must + have + 過(guò)去分詞"表推測(cè)時(shí),若強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)(一般有過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),反意疑問(wèn)部分用"didn't + 主語(yǔ)";若強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成(一般沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),則反意疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用"haven't / hasn't + 主語(yǔ)"。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?
A. didn't they B. don't they C. mustn't they D. haven't they
答案: D
5. 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, no one等不定代詞時(shí),其疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)可根據(jù)句子的內(nèi)涵選用he或they。例如:
Everyoneknows his job, doesn't he?
Everyone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble, hadn't they?
6. 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞,其疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)一般用it。例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it?
Nothing goes well, does it?
7. 陳述部分是there be句型時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分用"...there?"。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
There's not much news in today's paper, ________?
A. isn't it B. are there
C. is there D. aren't there
答案: C
8. 陳述部分謂語(yǔ)含有used to時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分可用usedn't,也可用didn't;陳述部分含有ought to時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分可用oughtn't或shouldn't兩種形式。例如:
Tom used to make fun of Peter, usedn't / didn't he?
We ought to learn the law knowledge by heart, oughtn't / shouldn't we?
9. 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是this, that,不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it;陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是these, those時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用they。例如:
This is a most wonderful place, isn't it?
Learning a foreign language well takes a long time, doesn't it?
That they are close friends doesn't seem true, does it?
10. 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)后有同位語(yǔ)從句或定語(yǔ)從句修飾時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分仍應(yīng)對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行反問(wèn)。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________?
A. did they B. di dn't they C. did it D. didn't it
答案: D
11. 陳述部分為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句時(shí),通常要對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行反問(wèn);但若陳述部分是"I (don't) think / suppose / believe / imagine / expect等 + 賓語(yǔ)從句"時(shí),要對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行反問(wèn),同時(shí)要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, ________?
A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they
答案: C
12. 陳述部分為祈使句時(shí),不論祈使句是肯定形式還是否定形式,反意疑問(wèn)部分通常用will you;但Let's引起的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句部分通常用shall we。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
If you want help-money or anything, let me know, ________ you?
A. don't B. will C. shall D. do
答案: B
B. such unusual
C. such an unusual
D. so an unusual
答案: C